Subtopics in this chapter
- 4.1Fundamentals of information system (IS)
- 4.2Enterprise management systems and knowledge management
- 4.3Implementations of and applications of information systems
- 4.4Fundamentals of artificial intelligence (AI)
- 4.5Neural network and probabilistic model
- 4.6Expert system and swarm intelligence
What is usually tested
The information-system half asks about system controls and audit, the security goals, authentication, ERP, SCM and CRM, decision support, data warehousing, OLAP versus OLTP, data mining, cloud service models, MapReduce and Hadoop. The AI half covers agents and PEAS, search strategies and heuristics, minimax and pruning, supervised versus unsupervised learning, overfitting, perceptrons and backpropagation, Bayesian networks, hidden Markov models, genetic algorithms, expert systems and swarm intelligence.
Sample questions with answers
Choose an answer to check it, or open "Show answer". These 12 are taken from the 172 questions for this chapter in the practice bank.
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Which of the following is NOT one of the basic components of an information system?
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Answer: A. Competitors
An information system is made up of hardware, software, data, people, procedures and networks.
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In a client-server information system architecture, the client is the part that:
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Answer: B. Requests services and presents the results to the user
The server provides the shared data and services that the clients ask for.
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Which information system supports unstructured, strategic decisions of top executives?
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Answer: D. ESS
Executive Support Systems serve top management for strategic decisions.
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An enterprise resource planning (ERP) system is designed to:
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Answer: C. Integrate the core business processes of an organisation in one system
Finance, human resources, manufacturing, sales and inventory use one integrated system.
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When a new information system is implemented, change management is mainly concerned with:
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Answer: B. Helping people accept and adapt to the new way of working
Many system failures are caused by people and organisational issues, not by the technology.
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Lewin's model of organisational change consists of which three stages?
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Answer: C. Unfreeze, change, refreeze
The old habits are loosened, the change is made, and the new way is then made permanent.
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The evaluation function used by A* search is:
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Answer: C. f(n) = g(n) + h(n)
A* uses actual cost so far g(n) plus heuristic estimate h(n).
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k-means clustering is an example of:
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Answer: A. Unsupervised learning
k-means groups unlabeled data, so it is unsupervised.
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In a biological neuron, signals from other neurons are received mainly by the:
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Answer: A. Dendrites
The dendrites collect the incoming signals and the axon carries the output signal away.
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The junction across which a signal passes from one neuron to the next is called a:
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Answer: B. Synapse
The weights of an artificial neural network play the role of synaptic strengths.
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In an expert system, the component that applies rules to facts to reach conclusions is the:
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Answer: D. Inference engine
The inference engine reasons over the knowledge base.
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An expert system is a program that:
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Answer: A. Imitates the decision making of a human expert in a narrow domain
It applies stored expert knowledge to the facts of a particular case.
Practise this chapter
The full mock tests mix 10 questions from this chapter with 10 from each of the other nine, under the real 2-hour limit. Chapter practice mode lets you work through this chapter alone, untimed, with the explanation shown after every question. Go to the mock tests